Jesus in the Old Testament 3: Jesus the Second Adam
Thesis: Adam, the earthly son of God, failed to fulfill his calling, sinned, and led all of humanity into judgment. Jesus, the heavenly Son of God, filled His calling, lived in righteousness, and led those who trust in Him into everlasting life.
- Nutshell with Kids (<5min)
- Family relationships
- Have you ever had anyone tell you that you look like your Mom or Dad? What have they said
- Are there any things that are special about your family? Things you do that make you a little different than other families?
- Do you have jobs/interests/hobbies that seem to run in your family?
- Adam
- Adam was the first man, the one God made in the Garden of Eden.
- What kinds of things do you think we’ve inherited from him?
- Can you think of things that you wish we hadn’t gotten from Adam?
- The Bible says that Adam was the first one to sin, and all of the sinfulness of everyone’s lives can be traced back to his one first sin.
- How does that make you feel?
- Don’t you wish there was a solution?
- Romans 5:19 Jesus came to be the “second Adam” and free us from this problem.
- Deeper with Adults
- Biblical Federalism
- Federalism: The idea of the power or responsibility of a large group being invested or shared with a central entity.
- Biblical Federalism: That the spiritual reality or condition of a group can be dealt with through the actions of its leaders.
a) Family examples: Josh 24:15; Acts 16:15, 33
b) Political Federalism 2Sam 24; 1Kings 11:9-13
c) Punitive Federalism: Numbers 16
- God’s self-revelation in Exodus 34:6-7 is highly Federal
Feature
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Adam: Genesis 1-3
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Christ:
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Image
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1:26: In our image, after our likeness.
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Col 1:15a: He is the image of the invisible God.
Heb 1:3: the radiance of the glory of God and the exact imprint of his nature.
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Dominion
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1:26: And let them have dominion over the fish of the sea and over the birds of the heavens and over the livestock and over all the earth and over every creeping thing that creeps on the earth
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Matthew 8:27 The men were amazed and asked, “What kind of man is this? Even the winds and the waves obey him!”
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Fruitfulness:
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1:28 “Be fruitful and multiply and fill the earth and subdue it,
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Romans 8:16-17: The Spirit Himself bears witness with our spirit that we are children of God, and if children, then heirs—heirs of God and fellow heirs with Christ, provided we suffer with him in order that we may also be glorified with him.
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Source of Life
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2:7: then the LORD God formed the man of dust from the ground and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life, and the man became a living creature.
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1 Cor 15:45-49: Thus it is written, “The first man Adam became a living being”; the last Adam became a life-giving spirit. But it is not the spiritual that is first but the natural, and then the spiritual. The first man was from the earth, a man of dust; the second man is from heaven. As was the man of dust, so also are those who are of the dust, and as is the man of heaven, so also are those who are of heaven. Just as we have borne the image of the man of dust, we shall also bear the image of the man of heaven.
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Mandate of Holiness
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2:16-17: “You may surely eat of every tree of the garden, but of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil you shall not eat, for in the day that you eat of it you shall surely die.”
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Hebrews 4:15 For we do not have a high priest who is unable to sympathize with our weaknesses, but one who in every respect has been tempted as we are, yet without sin.
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Husband and Wife, Christ and the Church
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2:18: Then the LORD God said, “It is not good that the man should be alone; I will make him a helper fit for him.”
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Eph 5:32: This mystery is profound, and I am saying that it refers to Christ and the church.
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Sleep and Side
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2:21: So the LORD God caused a deep sleep to fall upon the man, and while he slept took one of his ribs and closed up its place with flesh. And the rib that the LORD God had taken from the man he made into a woman and brought her to the man.
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(1 Cor 11:30; Acts 13:36; Daniel 12:2; 1Cor 15:20; 1Thess 4:14)
because he poured out his soul to death
and was numbered with the transgressors;
yet he bore the sin of many,
and makes intercession for the transgressors.
John 19:34: But one of the soldiers pierced his side with a spear, and at once there came out blood and water.
John 20:27: “Put your finger here, and see my hands; and put out your hand, and place it in my side. Do not disbelieve, but believe.”
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To be unified
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Gen 2:24: Therefore a man shall leave his father and his mother and hold fast to his wife, and they shall become one flesh.
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1 Cor 6:15-17: Do you not know that your bodies are members of Christ? Shall I then take the members of Christ and make them members of a prostitute? Never! Or do you not know that he who is joined to a prostitute becomes one body with her? For, as it is written, “The two will become one flesh.” But he who is joined to the Lord becomes one spirit with him.
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Intimacy and Purity
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2:25: And the man and his wife were both naked and were not ashamed.
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Eph 5:25-27: Husbands, love your wives, as Christ loved the church and gave himself up for her, that he might sanctify her, having cleansed her by the washing of water with the word, so that he might present the church to himself in splendor, without spot or wrinkle or any such thing, that she might be holy and without blemish.
2Cor 5:21: For our sake he made him to be sin who knew no sin, so that in him we might become the righteousness of God.
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Failure of dominion
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Gen 3:1, 6 Now the serpent was more crafty than any other beast of the field that the LORD God had made.
He said to the woman, “Did God actually say, ‘You shall not eat of any tree in the garden’?”
So when the woman saw that the tree was good for food, and that it was a delight to the eyes, and that the tree was to be desired to make one wise, she took of its fruit and ate, and she also gave some to her husband who was with her, and he ate.
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Explanatory:
1 Tim 2:13-14: For Adam was formed first, then Eve; and Adam was not deceived, but the woman was deceived and became a transgressor.
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Failure to present the bride blameless
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Gen 3:11-12: Have you eaten of the tree of which I commanded you not to eat?” The man said, “The woman whom you gave to be with me, she gave me fruit of the tree, and I ate.”
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Eph 5:27 (above)
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Bringing Death
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Gen 3:19-24:
By the sweat of your face
you shall eat bread,
till you return to the ground,
for out of it you were taken;
for you are dust,
and to dust you shall return.
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Rom 5:22: Therefore, just as sin came into the world through one man, and death through sin, and so death spread to all men because all sinned
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C. Romans 5:22-21
- Paul obviously considered Adam a historical person, not a mythical figurehead.
- Adam, our first federal head, was the source of sin in humanity and the consequential death, even though Eve ate the forbidden fruit first. His was the charge of keeping the covenant, and his was the sin of its violation.
- Death entered because of sin.
a) It is not a natural part of God’s intention for mankind (Gen 3:19, 21)
b) Last enemy 1 Cor 15:26, 54 to be conquered.
- Death before the law.
a) Even without the law to delineate sin, the natural law is alive in our souls (Romans 2:14-15).
b) The universal condition of death testifies to the universal guilt of every person before a Holy God.
- “Many” and “All men”
a) Terms used as synonyms. Not teaching universal salvation.
b) The universality of man’s guilt as a child of Adam is linked to universal death. (Ps 51:5; Eph 2:3)
c) Isa 53:11 Justify the many.
d) People must “receive the abundance of grace and the free gift of righteousness” in order to live forever (vs 17).
e) All people are born under the federal head of Adam. Faith aligns us under the federal head of Christ. Heb 5:8-10
- Application:
- You are under the headship of Adam. Your sickness and injuries prove this now, and your eventual deal with solidify this in the end. You are a sinner. You do stand condemned.
- Have you accepted, by faith, the offer of Christ to be your second federal head?
a) Numerous times mentioned as a “free gift.” vs 15 (2x), 16 (2x), 17.
b) You must receive this free gift. Jn 3:16; Romans 6:1-4
Questions for Review:
- What do you think about the idea that we are all guilty because of the sin of one person thousands of years ago? Does that seem fair?
- How does it make you feel that we can all be forgiven because of the righteous loving action of one person thousands of years ago? Does that seem fair?
- How should we live differently because of what we have received from Adam and Jesus?
- Does anyone need to receive the free gift of forgiveness that Jesus offers?
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